Thèse soutenue

Une géographie sociale et culturelle de l'hindouisme tamoul : le culte de Murugaṉ en Inde du Sud et dans la diaspora

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Auteur / Autrice : Pierre-Yves Trouillet
Direction :  Singaravelou
Type : Thèse de doctorat
Discipline(s) : Géographie
Date : Soutenance en 2010
Etablissement(s) : Bordeaux 3

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Résumé

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Murugan is one of the Hindu gods whose religious figure has been present in South India for at least two thousand years. Its worship is strongly associated with the cultural identity of the Tamil Nadu region (the « Tamil country »), the cardinal points of which are marked by its six largest pilgrimage centres. This symbolic and geographic interaction between the temples of Murugan, the territory and the religious circulations dates back at least to the Middle Ages. It is to be found today at the local level and at the international scale of the diaspora as well, whose transnational configuration is reinventing the geography of this cult. The survey shows also that, in relation to the other gods of the Hindu pantheon, the definition of this Hindu deity has endowed it with particular symbolic characteristics, which trigger and direct human actions that are printed in the geographic space, such as the constructions of temples or the devotional pilgrimages towards its holy places. Thus, the situation of the Murugan temple on the hill that overlooks the Mailam village (Tamil Nadu) depends as much on this deity’s thousand-year-old association with peaks, as on its position in relation to the places of worship of other gods. This happens to be the case in a local geography where deities, social groups and their relating spaces are both classified and classifying. In Mauritius, the famous processions for Murugan and the overrepresentation of its temples suggest a context of assertion of the Tamil community against the Hindu majority originating from the North. It also confirms the degree of significance of the places and circulations associated to this cult, to the point of producing territorial acts.