Thèse soutenue

Cléon : le guerrier d'Athéna

FR
Auteur / Autrice : Philippe Lafargue
Direction : Patrice Brun
Type : Thèse de doctorat
Discipline(s) : Histoire, langues, littérature anciennes
Date : Soutenance en 2009
Etablissement(s) : Bordeaux 3

Résumé

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EN

This study is dedicated to Cleon, the demagogue who held the political scene of Athens after Pericles’s death, during the first years of the Peloponnesian War (between 429 and 422 B. C). To use an expression that has largely spread over since the 1970’s and that is now under discussion, around this ‘new politician’, who did not belong to the traditional spheres – aristocracy – from which many political men came in the fifth century, was established a real ‘black legend’ which went through the ages. Contemporary authorities like Thucydides or Aristophanes and also later writers introduced him as a corrupt, venal and coarse character, as a demagogue who skilfully flattered the people and who was in favour of an immoderate imperialism and out-all war. This study intends to re-evaluate Cleon’s political work, especially in the sight of his renowned predecessor, Pericles, whose ambitions hardly differed: upholding of the empire – and not extension of it -, reinforcement of democratic rights settled during the former period – and not political ‘intensification’ -, continuation of the war according to Pericles’s strategy and aims – and not exaggerated warmongering -. In this study, the ideological and moral bias, often led by ancient sources, has been given up and the specific context of Athens which was involved in a terrible war to protect its imperial and democratic integrity, at the end of the fifth century B. C. , allows us to consider Cleon as a less dark historic character than what tradition passed on.