Thèse soutenue

Transfert de matière dans un système solide/liquide "ions/eau/pectine" : interactions, partage ionique et simulation par dynamique moléculaire

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Auteur / Autrice : Charbel Mouawad
Direction : Stéphane Desobry
Type : Thèse de doctorat
Discipline(s) : Procédés biotechnologiques et alimentaires
Date : Soutenance le 23/10/2007
Etablissement(s) : Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL
Ecole(s) doctorale(s) : RP2E - Ecole Doctorale Sciences et Ingénierie des Ressources, Procédés, Produits, Environnement
Partenaire(s) de recherche : Laboratoire : Laboratoire de science et génie alimentaires
Jury : Président / Présidente : Albert Duquenoy
Examinateurs / Examinatrices : Stéphane Desobry, Albert Duquenoy, Bernard Cuq, Rémi Saurel, Muriel Jacquot
Rapporteurs / Rapporteuses : Bernard Cuq, Rémi Saurel

Résumé

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Mass transfer intervening during the process of immersion influences the final composition of the product. These transfers primarily depend on the size of the immersed products, as well as temperature, the concentration and the nature of the solution of immersion. The main objective of this work is to study the mass transfer phenomena (water loss and solid gain) in solid/liquid system constituted of vegetable product (eggplant) immerged in salt solution. We determined the kinetic studies of eggplant in different salts solutions with two concentrations (saturation and 20%) at 3°C. The physicochemical properties of solution and salt such as molar concentration, molecular weight and ionic type affected the mechanism of water loss and solid gain. Knowledge about interaction ions/vegetable pectin is important for new product formulation. Determination of partition coefficient of ion in equilibrium system showed that the main physicochemical properties of ions and solution are ionic radius, electronegativity, ionic force and molar concentration. Mathematical predictive model was developed to predict the partition coefficient of ions in food/ solution system. Molecular dynamics simulations using a dynamic force field have been carried out to investigate the absorption of ions (K+, Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Cl-) in pectin/water/ion/aqueous solution system. Four systems were used. The results showed that the ionic type (cation and anion) influence the type and number of interactions between pectin-ion and water-ion and then offered an explicit description transfer phenomena and distribution of ions in the system solid/liquid