Thèse soutenue

Qualifications et conflits de juridictions

FR
Auteur / Autrice : Alexandre Henry
Direction : Pascal de Vareilles-Sommières
Type : Thèse de doctorat
Discipline(s) : Droit privé
Date : Soutenance en 2005
Etablissement(s) : Reims

Mots clés

FR

Mots clés contrôlés

Résumé

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EN

Characterisation in relation to conflicts of juricdiction has long led to a lack of interest in case law and legal theory. This is justified by the fact taht in case law, for a long period of time, the characterisation of jurisdictional competence was deduced from the characterisation of legislative competence, before being driven by the characterisation o internal competence. As for legal theory, authors such as Bartin, Niboyet and Pillet have long been locked into a dogmatic method that ignores the specific nature of the characterisation of jurisdictional competence and neglets the true dimension of international private law disputes. This requires the promotion of a pragmatic method that integrates, from the stage of characterisation of conflict of jurisdiction, the procedural and substantive aspects of such disputes. Once the guiding principles for characterisation have been identified, it seems necessary to verify the relationships that the characterisation of conflict of jurisdiction must have with the characterisation of conflicts of laws. On this point, it appears that to the two competences have complementary links insofar as, on the one hand, their legal categories are often defined on the basis of the nature of the legal relationship and are based on substantive definitions and, on the other hand, are based on a single definition of the object of characterisation, oriented towards the project or the legal question. In order to respect the specific nature of the objectives of juridictional competence in comparison with those of legislative competence, it is necessary for first-stage characterisation to be carried out autonomously without being independent of second-stage characterisation, due to the substantive nature of the definitions of the concepts attached to the legal categories. This confirms that only the promotion of a pragmatic method, as previously identified, and based on an appropriate definition of the legal categories between the two branches of the law of conflicts, can resolve situations where there is a discrepancy in characterisation and postulate a flexible unity of characterisations to ensure the consistency of private international law solutions. In two judgments, the Cour of Justice of the European Union (CJUE, 21 janvier 2016, Ergo Insurance ; 28 juillet 2016, VKI), established a monist theory of characterisations.