Thèse soutenue

Etude du profil bioénergétique et de la récupération chez les gymnastes

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Auteur / Autrice : Monem Jemni
Direction : Françoise FriemelPaul Delamarche
Type : Thèse de doctorat
Discipline(s) : Sciences et techniques des activités physiques et sportives
Date : Soutenance en 2001
Etablissement(s) : Rennes 2

Résumé

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This report is composed of 2 objects, the first one concerns bioenergetics aspects of men gymnastics and the second one concerns the elaboration of a recovery strategy during training sessions. Nine senior national and 12 senior international men gymnasts performed a variety of laboratory tests involving arms or legs in order to determine their bioenergetics' profile. Both level gymnasts have a moderately small aerobic power (VO2 max = 49. 06 ± 0. 6 M. L. KG-1. MIN-1). There lactate threshold corresponding to 79% of VO2 max is the result of an accentuated force training and not synonym of a developed aerobic endurance. Meanwhile, they are characterised by a hich power out put (15. 47 ± 0. 56 W. KG-1 by force/velocity test). We did not notice any difference between both levels concerning anaerobic data. We suggest that gymnasts optimise their aerobic aptitude as well as their anaerobic aptitude and their force to supply the activity demands. The purpose of the second study was to investigate the influence of recovery type between men's gymnastic events on blood lactate by comparing four recovery protocols during several gymnastic sessions. Nine senior male gymnasts participated in the study. The sessions were composed of routine performances on the 6 olympic events, which were separated by 10 recovery minutes. Four recovery protocols were used between events ; 10 min rest in a sitting position ; 4 sprints of 20 M separated by 1 Min 30 sec ; 20 push-ups in 30 sec and 5 min self-selected active recovery. Five minutes of light self-selected active recovery decreased blood lactate concentration and improved gymnast performances more than the other active or passive recovery methods in national and international level gymnasts. Blood lactate diminution is associated to an increased release (oxidation) and decreased production of lactate. We did not deduce any remarkable relationships between laboratory tests and field investigations.