Les fazendeiros à l'heure syndicale : représentation professionnelle, intérêts agraires et politique au Brésil, 1945-1967

The fazendeiros at the syndicate era : professional representation, agrarian interests and politics in brazil, 1945-1967

• Auteur / Autrice : Flavio Madureira Heinz
• Direction : Ronald Hubscher
• Type : Thèse de doctorat
• Discipline(s) : Histoire
• Date : Soutenance en 1996
• Etablissement(s) : Paris 10

Résumé

Entre 1945 et 1967 se developpe au bresil une representation du monde agricole fondee sur la mise en place de structures socioprofessionnelles defendant les interets des grands proprietaires terriens, les fazendeiros. Inspiree de la legislation syndicale ouvriere mise en place a partir de 1930, cette representation restait toutefois essentiellement elitiste : le proletariat agricole et la petite paysannerie en restaient de facto exclus. Grace aux faveurs officielles que leur assurait ce visage ''syndical'', les fazendeiros, leurs ''associations rurales'' et leur organe superieur, la confederation rurale bresilienne (crb), ont pu temporairement consolider et relegitimer des reseaux traditionnels d'influence soumis depuis peu a la contestation grandissante des nouveaux groupes sociaux et bloquer les initiatives etatiques favorables a la reforme agraire et a la syndicalisation ouvriere.

Between 1945 and 1967, a representation of agriculture based on the construction of professional structures defending the interests of the landowners (the fazendeiros), was developed in brazil. Inspired by the working-class syndicate law established from the 1930's, this representation remained however mainly elitist : the agricultural workers and the peasants remained de facto excluded. Thanks to official favors which were guaranteed by this trade unionist appearance, the fazendeiros, their ''rural associations'' and their superior instance, the rural brazilian confederation (crb), could temporarily consolidate and legitimate again traditional networks of influence that were submitted for a little while to the increasing opposition of new social groups. The activities of these associations managed to hinder state initiatives with regards to the agrarian reform and the agricultural workers legislation.