Lacan, lecteur d'aristote. Politique, metaphysique, logique

Lacan, reader of aristote : politics, metaphysics, logic

• Auteur / Autrice : Pierre-Christophe Cathelineau
• Direction : Pierre Aubenque
• Type : Thèse de doctorat
• Discipline(s) : Philosophie
• Date : Soutenance en 1994
• Etablissement(s) : Paris 4

Résumé

''lacan, lecteur d'aristote, politique, metaphysique, logique''. Tel est le titre de cette etude. Le commentaire que lacan a fait de l'oeuvre d'aristote au cours de son seminaire durant plusieurs decennies est aujourd'hui largement meconnu. Nous avons souhaite en montrer la richesse et l'importance pour l'interpretation actuelle du stagirite. Le titre de cette these reflete l'ampleur de l'interet que lacan pouvait porter a la pensee du philosophe. L'objet de notre travail est tout d'abord de dire pourquoi l'ethique a nicomaque et la politique, indissociables, sont pour lui le paradigme de la reflexion classique en la matiere et quelles consequences il en tire dans sa propre discipline. Il est ensuite de souligner le lien de cette ethique du maitre avec la question de l'etre qu'il souleve. Chacune a leur maniere, la philosophie de heidegger et celle des essentialistes anglo-saxons renouent aussi fortement avec aristote: quelle interpretation lacan leur oppose-t-il, qui donne une portee clinique a ''l'hupokeimenon'' et a ''l'ousia'' singuliere? il est enfin d'indiquer que lacan a construit sa logique sur les fondements de celle d'aristote. Il a reconnu en lui le precurseur avise de la science du reel, dont il voulait etre le continuateur, mais aussi l'inventeur de la logique modale, dont il introduisait la pratique dans la clinique.

The commentary on aristote's work that lacan gave in the course of his seminary -that is to say thirty years- is nowadays widely unrecognized. We have been wishful of demonstrating the richness and the importance of this commentary for the modern interpretation of stagirites. The title of this thesis reflects how interested lacan could be in the philosopher's thought. The object of our work has first been to explain why the ethics to nicomaque and politics which are indissociable, were according to him the paradigm of the classical reflexion on the subject. It has also been to show what inferences he drew from all that in his own discipline. Then we have decided to stress on the link between this masterful ethics and the question of being that he brought up. Heidegger's philosophy as well as that of the anglo-saxon essentialists revived aristote's work, each in their own way : what interpretation did lacan put forward them, which was to give a clinic significance to hupokeimenon and to the singular ousia? the last purpose of our study has been to show that lacan built up his logic on the foundations of aristote's. He had recognized on him the advised precursor of the science of real, the one of whom he wanted to be the successor. He had also recognized the inventor of the modal reasoning of which he introduced the application into clinics.