Les aspects institutionnels des assurances maritimes au senegal

The institutional apsects of marine insurance in senegal

• Auteur / Autrice : PAPA BANGA GUISSE
• Direction : Yves Tassel
• Type : Thèse de doctorat
• Discipline(s) : Droit privé
• Date : Soutenance en 1992
• Etablissement(s) : Nantes

Mots clés

Mots clés contrôlés

Sénégal

Assurances maritimes

Résumé

L'objet de cette these est de tenter de repondre a la problematique suivante : comment concilier les institutions protectionnistes du senegal avec le caractere international des assurances maritimes ? dans le cadre de l'application des recommandations de la cnuced, le senegal, a l'instar de la plupart des pays en voie de developpement, avait voulu creer son propre marche des assurances maritimes afin de reduire les sorties de devises. A cet effet et en application des mesures furent prises : l'assurance locale fut instituee pour les biens et marchandises importees ainsi que pour les corps de navire battant pavillon senegalais; une societe senegalaise et reassurance (sen-re-) fut creee en plus des deux societes regionales et sous-regionale de reassurance (africa-re et cica-re); une cession legale en reassurance fut instituee a leur profit. Malgre toutes ces mesures, des armateurs ou importateurs continuent de s'assurer a l'etranger; le volume annuel des primes encaissees baissent regulierement ; les assureurs sous-tarifient les risques et delivrent des certificats de complaisance; les societes de reassurance retrocedent la plupart des risques. Des lors, on constate que les objectifs que s'etaient fixes les autorites ne sont pas atteints. Des solutions s'imposent alors. Parmi celles-ci figurent la necessite d'une nouvelle redaction des textes, le renforcement du controle et des sanctions, l'augmentation du capital des societes assurances et de reassurance, la creation de pools regionaux d'assurances et de reassurance, le renforcement de la cooperation mondiale, enfin la levee, a moyen terme, des mesures protectionnistes afin de redynamiser l'initiative privee des assureurs.

The aim of this thesis is to try find an answer to the following question : how can senegal's protectionist institutions become compartible with the intmernational nature of marine insurance ? in agreement with the recommendations outlined by the (cnuced), senegal, like most developing countries had wanted to create its own market in marinem insurance in order t reduce currency outflow. To this effect, the following measures were taken : local insurance was established for goods and commodities imported as well as for the main vessels bearing the senegalese flag; a senegalese reinsurance company (sen-re) was created in addition to two regional and sub-regional reinsurance companies (africa-re and cica-re); a legal insurance transfer was established in their favour. Inspite of all these measures, ship owners and importers continue to insure abroad. The number of premiums collected annually is lowering regulary. Insurers under-rate the risks and issue complacency certificates, the insurance companies retrocede most of the risks. As a result, it has been noted that the aims set by the authorities have not been attained. Solutions have to be found therefore. Among them is thenecessity for new rules, the reinforcement of control and sanctions, the increase of insurance and reinsurance companies capital, creation of regional insurance and reinsurance pools, the reinforcement of the worldwide co-operation and finally, the lifting up of protective measures at a medium term, in order to give new boost to the private initiative of insurers.