Sulayman at-tufi juriste hanbalite de l'epoque mamluke (657 1259-716 1316)

Sulayman at-tufi, jurist banbalite of the mamluk ezra (657 1259-716 1316)

• Auteur / Autrice : MOHAMMED AL RAHIL
• Direction : Tawfīq Fahd
• Type : Thèse de doctorat
• Discipline(s) : Études arabes
• Date : Soutenance en 1991
• Etablissement(s) : Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008)

Résumé

Cette recherche se propose de faire connaitre la personnalite de l'imam sulayman at-tufi, savant et juriste hanbalite de l'epoque des mamluks bahrites, dont l'histoire rapporte les guerres, les conflits et les conditions sociales et economiques degradees. Les biographes d'at-tufi le depeignent comme un esprit brillant, ouvert et independant, qui a etudie tous les rites islamiques, accede a l'igtihad et repudie l'imitation, pourtant omnipresente a son epoque. L'oeuvre considerable qu'il a laissee, porte, essentiellement, sur le figh (science de la loir religieuse) et ses usul (fondements), sur le tafsir (l'exegese coranique) et 'ilm al-kalam (theologie dogmatique). En outre, elle englobe les sciences de la langue arabe, comme la grammaire et la rhetorique et revele un poete doue. At-tufi fut accuse de 'si'isme et connut une dure epreuve qui le marqua profondement, toput en contribuant a jeter un voile d'oubli sur sa personne et son oeuvre. Ainsi, l'un des buts de notre travail consiste, autant que se peut, a lever ce voile et a tenter de rehabiliter un savant qui merite, a notre avis, de figurer parmi les plus juristes sunnites et, notamment, hanbalites.

THE RESEARCH SHALL MAKE A NAME FOR THE PERSONALITY OF THE IMAM SULAYMAN AT-TUFI, A HANBALITE SCIENTIST AND JURIST OF THE ERA OF THE MAMLUKS BAHRITES WHOSE HISTORY TELLS OF THE WARS, THE CONFLICTS AND THE DEBASED SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC CONDITIONS. THE BIOGRAPHERS OF AT-TUFI DEPICT HIM AS HAVING A BRILLIANT OPEN-MINDED AND INDEPENDANT MIND WHO HAS STUDIED ALL THE ISLAMIC RITUALS, ATTAINED THE IGTIHAD AND RENOUNCED THE IMITATION OMNIPRESENT AT THAT TIME THOUGH THE CONSIDERABLE WORK HE LEFT WAS ESSENTIALLY ON THE FIGH (SCIENCE OF THE RELIGIOUS LAW) AND ITS USULS (FOUNDATIONS), ON THE TAFSIR (THE CORANIC EXEGERIS) AND '' ILM AL-KALAM'' (DOGMATIC THEOLOGIC). HOWEVER, IT INCLUDES THE Science OF THE ARABIC LANGUAGE, LIKE GRAMMAR AND RHETORIC AND REVEALS A BRIGHT POET. AT-TUFI WAS ACCUSED OF SI'ISM AND SUFFERED GREAT HARDSHIPS WHICH DEAPLY MARKED HIM, AT THE SAME TIME AS CONTRIBUTING TO DRAWING A VEIL OF OBLIVION ON HIS FIGURE AND HIS WORK. THEREFORE, ONE OF THE PURPOSES OF OUR WORK CONSISTS, AS FAR AS POSSIBLE, IN LIFTING THIS WEIL AND TRYING TO RESTORE A SCIENTIST WHO DESERVES, IN OUR OPINION, TO APPEAR AMONG THE GREATEST SUNNITES JURISTS AND PARTICULARY HANBALITES.