Le poeme et ses marges. Hermeneutique, rhetorique et didactique dans les commentaires latins des "metamorphoses" d'ovide de la fin du moyen-age a l'aube de l'epoque classique

The form and its margins : hermeneutics, rhetoric and pedagogy in the latin commentaries upon ovid's metamorphoses from the end of the middle ages to the dawn of the classical age

• Auteur / Autrice : Pierre Maréchaux
• Direction : Marc Fumaroli
• Type : Thèse de doctorat
• Discipline(s) : Littérature française
• Date : Soutenance en 1992
• Etablissement(s) : Paris 4

Résumé

L'etude des commentaires latins des metamorphoses d'ovide de 1470 a 1617 permet de suivre l'evolution de leur statut hermeneutique. De bersuire a pontanus, les moralisations medievales ont ete recuperees par l'homiletique, ont servi d'instrument pedagogique a la pensee protestante, ont etaye l'edifice de la rhetorique jesuite. D'abord reservoir langagier a l'usage des classes (regius, torrantinus), l'epopee ovidienne a servi de fondement a l'erudition (crucius, beroalde, parrhasius. . . ) avant d'interesser la didactique et la rhetorique. Ovide joint a son statut de maitre de morale celui de modele stylistique, bon exemple de copia, de proprietas, ou de concinnitas (erasme, longueil, passerat). Soumises a la paraphrase scolaire (sprengius) ou fondant la morale civique (sabinus), les metamorphoses sont le temoin privilegie d'une rationalisation hermeneutique et d'une utilisation de la fable paienne a des fins de civilite puerile et d'ethique sociale.

This study of the latin commentaries upon ovid's metamorphoses from 1470 to 1617 allows us to follow the evolution of their hermeneutic status. From berchorius to pontanus, the medieval moralizations were exploited by the preachers and helped to forward protestant thinking and to substain the jesuits'rhetorical edifice. To begin with the ovidian poem was first a linguistic corpus aimed at widespread use by pupils (regius, torrentinus) and ended by being the main source of erudition for scholars (crucius, beroaldus, parrhasius. . . ) before being used in the fields of didactism and rhetorics. Not only was ovid a teacher of morality but he was also a master of style and an example for copia, proprietas, or concinnitas (erasmus, longolius, passerat). Being subjected to more paraphrasing in school's (sprengius) or serving as the bases of urban morality (sabinus), the metamorphoses testify to hermeneutic rationalisation and to the use of the pagan fable aimed at pueril civility and social ethics.