Le Commerce dans le district Bayonne-Anglet-Biarritz

• Auteur / Autrice : Charles Rieupeyrous
• Direction : JEANNINE BRISSEAU LOAIZA
• Type : Thèse de doctorat
• Discipline(s) : Géographie et aménagement
• Date : Soutenance en 1988
• Etablissement(s) : Pau

Résumé

Le constat qu'il existe plusieurs definitions du commerce conduit a s'interroger sur la specificite de cette activite economique pour en marquer les limites et tenter de formuler une nouvelle definition de synthese. L'etablissement commercial, determine comme la forme elementaire de l'appareil commercial, se distingue par certaines caracteristiques: activite, importance, aspect. . . A l'interieur d'une structure pyramidale. Le commerce fait partie integrante du milieu urbain. Il se cree selon des schemas differents qui correspondent a l'evolution de chaque commune. Son organisation est etudiee en utilisant une classification a trois chiffres des etablissements commerciaux, repertories d'apres leurs principaux caracteres. Leur repartition quantitative fait apparaitre des zones de densite commerciale variable, des desiquilibres qui influent sur le paysage urbain. L'appareil commercial dans les centres de bayonne et de biarritz, prealablement delimites, revet des aspects originaux soulignes par l'etude analytique d'un echantillonnage de cinq cents etablissements. L'exemple de bayonne met en evidence le role du commerce dans l'animation du centre, singulierement dans sa zone pietonne. Le commerce du centre de bayonne produit un effet d'attraction sur la region du bas-adour et la moitie nord du pays basque espagnol. Son devenir est lie a sa specialisation et a sa structure. Il comporte des incertitudes, bien que la situation actuelle soit globalement satisfaisante.

The recognition of the existence of several definitions of commerce leads one to put the question of the specificity of this economic activity in order to establish its limits and endeavour to formulate a new definition of synthesis. The commercial establishment, defined as the elementary form of the commercial system, shows certain characteristics: activity, importance, aspect. . . Within a pyramidal structure. Commerce forms an integral part of the urban background. Its development follows different patterns according to the evolution of each community. The study ot its organisation is based on the classification in three figures of the commercial establishments according to their principal characters. Their implantation shows by their number zones of varying commercial density, lacks of balance which influence the urban scene. The commercial system in the previously defined limits of the centres of bayonne and biarritz, displays original aspects put into evidence by the analysis of a cross-section of five hundred establishments. The example of bayonne highlights the part played by commerce in the life of the centre, especially in its pedestrian precinct. The commerce of the centre of bayonne forms a pole of attraction in the region of bas-adour and the northern half of the spanish basque country. Its future development is bound up with its specialisation and its structure. There are areas of uncertainty though its present situation is in the whole satisfactory.