Les fondements de l'economie politique de damas durant le xixe siecle : structures traditionnelles et capitalisme

Title:the foundations of the political economy of damascus during the 19th century: traditional structures and capitalism

• Auteur / Autrice : Zouhair Ghazzal
• Direction : Dominique Chevallier
• Type : Thèse de doctorat
• Discipline(s) : Sciences économiques
• Date : Soutenance en 1986
• Etablissement(s) : Paris 4

Résumé

Durant l'epoque ottomane, il y avait, a damas, trois principaux groupes de notables urbains qui se partageaient les centres de force du champ economique. Le premier groupe, qui est le plus important, tirait le gros de ses revenus de la rente fonciere de la campagne environnant damas. Le second groupe, moins important que le precedent, tenait en main le commerce de loin. Enfin, un troisieme groupe dominait les corps de metiers et les ''douanes interieures''. Durant la periode des reformes (1839-1876), des conseils locaux, composes de notables urbains, ont ete constitues, et dans lesquels on remarque la forte presence du premier groupe qui a pu, durant la seconde moitie du xixe siecle, preserver ses interets economiques et politiques.

During the ottoman period, there were, in damascus, three main groups of urban notables who were occupying the main positions within the economic field. The first group, which was the most important one, had its revenues from the tenure of the lands surrounding the city. The second group, less important than the first, was mainly preoccupied with long distance trade. And finally, a third group was closely related to the local craft-corporations. During the reform period (1839-1876),local councils composed of urban notables were constituted, in which a strong presence of the first group is clearly noticeable. This group knew, during the second ha lf of the 19th century, to keep its political and economic interests alive.