Thèse soutenue

Conception et fabrication de lasers à cascade quantique pour la modulation à haute fréquence

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Auteur / Autrice : Ariane Calvar
Direction : Carlo Sirtori
Type : Thèse de doctorat
Discipline(s) : Matière condensée et interfaces
Date : Soutenance en 2013
Etablissement(s) : Paris 7

Résumé

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Quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) are unipolar semiconductor lasers based on intersubband transitions that cover a large portion of the mid and far-infrared electromagnetic spectrum. This work focuses on the study of sources emitting in the mid-infrared range. Two main research lines have been followed in this work. The first one involves the design, fabrication and characterization of high performance ridge QC lasers grown by MOCVD. State-of-the-art threshold current density values are reported around 7. 5 and 9 pm, along with improved thermal performances in CW operation thanks to an optimized fabrication process. To get these results, an optimization work has also been carried out on the MOCVD growth conditions based on systematic post-growth characterization of the epitaxial samples to calculate the real band structure and relate it to the measured laser performances. Improved laser performances could be obtained by reducing the losses originating from the active region thanks to a better control of the growth. The other focus of this work is the fabrication of a mid-infrared QC laser monolithically integrated within a microwave microstrip line for high frequency modulation. By merging microwave and semiconductor laser technologies, we have demonstrated a flat frequency response up to 15 GHz for a device operating at 77 K and emitting at 9 pm. Laser performances are preserved and comparable to state-of-the-art devices. Direct modulation of the QCL embedded into microstrip line at the laser round trip frequency at 13. 7 GHz is investigated and injection-locking of the laser modes to an external RF synthesizer is demonstrated over the MHz range.