Thèse soutenue

Régulation de l'inflammation par l'homéostasie du fer : applications dans un modèle d'ischémie-reperfusion rénale

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Auteur / Autrice : Céline Vaugier
Direction : Ivan Cruz Moura
Type : Thèse de doctorat
Discipline(s) : Immunologie
Date : Soutenance en 2013
Etablissement(s) : Paris 7

Mots clés

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Résumé

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Acute tubular necrosis, caused by ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), is the most common cause of "delayed graft function" following renal transplantation. The patology of IRI is characterized by tubular epithelial cell apoptosis/necrosis, the activation of innate immune responses and the infiltration of inflammatory cells which can modulate the degree of tissue damage. Iron is an essential micronutriment required for different enzymatic processes which control a plethora of cellular functions. Modulation of iron metabolism is a defense mechanism to prevent pathogens development during infection. However, the impact of iron homeostatis modulation on inflammatory response is yet fully understood. In this work, we show in a retrospective cohort study of 169 kidney allograft recipients that increased baseline serum ferritin levels were associated with improved renal allograft outcome. In agreement, mice with constitutive systemic iron overload were protected against IRI and presented reduced inflammatory responses. Moreover, induction of chronic iron overload in mice prevented macrophage recruitment following LPS-peritonitis. Finally, primary macrophages cultured with supra-physiological iron levels presented impaired responses to TLR agonists and were unable to reconstitute acute kidney injury following ischemia-reperfusion in macrophage-depleted mice. We conclude that environmental iron levels modulate macrophage responsiveness to inflammatory stimuli and could prevent the I/R injury. Therefore, iron is a critical modulator of sterile inflammation and strategies aiming to modulate iron load in end-stage renal disease patients may improve prognosis of kidney allografts.