Thèse soutenue

Déficience dans DBR1 : une nouvelle étiologie de l'encéphalite herpétique

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Auteur / Autrice : Elodie Pauwels
Direction : Jean-Laurent Casanova
Type : Thèse de doctorat
Discipline(s) : Génétique
Date : Soutenance en 2012
Etablissement(s) : Paris 6

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Résumé

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A genome-wide approach led to the identification of the homozygous missense mutation I120T in the gene encoding human debranching enzyme 1 (DBR1) in two herpes simplex encephalitis children from the same consanguineous family. DBR1 hydrolyzes the 2’—5’-phosphodiester bond at the branching site of introns, spliced out as lariats during pre-mRNA splicing. The null dbr1 mutant S. Cerevisiae strain shows an intron accumulation, complemented by transfection with human wild-type DBR1 cDNA. A strain mutated at the same position has been shown to display a moderate intron accumulation, suggesting that the mutant allele is hypomorphe in yeast. The null dbr1 mutant S. Cerevisiae was transformed with the WT or mutant human DBR1 cDNA, aiming at determining whether the mutant allele is functional. The DBR1 mutant allele confers normal RNA expression levels in the SV40-immortalized fibroblasts of one patient whereas the protein expression is reduced. The patient’s fibroblasts display an impaired IFN production in response to the extracellular stimulation with poly(I:C) as well as enhanced HSV-1 replication rates. The impaired poly(:C) responsiveness and enhanced HSV-1 susceptibility in DBR1 I120T fibroblasts suggest a link between DBR1 and the TLR3 pathway, and suggest that DBR1 deficiency may underlie the HSE pathogenesis in both patients, due to a defect in HSV-1 control in the CNS. The mechanism underlying this impaired TLR3 responsiveness and this HSV-1 replication permissiveness in DBR1 deficient cells is not fully understood, and will be further characterized in iPSC-derived CNS cells