Peuplement et societe en navarre de la fin du monde romain a l'age feodal (quatrieme - douzieme siecles)

Settlement and society in navarre from the end of the roman world to the feudal age (fourth - twelfth centuries)

• Auteur / Autrice : Juan José Larrea
• Direction : Pierre Bonnassie
• Type : Thèse de doctorat
• Discipline(s) : Histoire
• Date : Soutenance en 1994
• Etablissement(s) : Toulouse 2

Mots clés

Mots clés contrôlés

Histoire -- Moyen-âge

Navarre (Espagne ; Communauté autonome)

Résumé

Ce travail etudie la formation du feodalisme dans le royaume de pampelune - puis de navarre- et les liens entre evolution sociale et peuplement rural. Il prend comme point de repere historiographique les theses regionales sur la catalogne ou le latium par exemple. Les sources ecrites, narratives et surtout diplomatiques, consistuent la base du travail, mais les donnees archeologiques, toponymiques, voire onomastiques jouent aussi un role considerable. La these comprend quatre parties : 1) on remonte le temps jusqu'au bas-empire afin de discerner le mode d'occupation des campagnes pendant les cinquimee-huitieme siecles et de caracteriser la societe dont on veut etudier l'evolution vers le feodalisme. Contrairement aux idees generalement admises, on montre une vasconie dont les structures ne different pas sensiblement de celles de tout l'occident tardoromain. 2) la societe navarraise des neuvieme-dixieme et debut du onzieme siecles est analysee sur cinq plans : croissance agricole et peuplement, monarchie et aristocratie, structures de gouvernement public, problemes de la grande propriete et vigueur de l'alleu et de la liberte paysannes. 3) on examine la crise qui secoue, pendant les decennies centrales du onzieme siecle, l'organisation sociale heritee du haut moyen age : ebranlement de la structure de pouvoir traditionnelle et debut de l'encadrement feodal de l'aristocratie, instauration de la seigneurie banale, et configuration du groupe des milites. Il s'agit d'un bouleversement profond, mais qui se deroule sous l'apparence de la continuite de l'ancienne souverainete publique. 4) on finit par donner une image de la societe feodale navarraise jusqu'au milieu du douzieme siecle. On s'interesse a l'evolution de la condition paysanne et on prete une attention speciale aux differences entre la structure seigneuriale de la vieille navarre et celle du bas pays-conquis sur les musulmans et colonise a partir du milieu du

This dissertation studies the formation of feudalism in the kingdom of pamplona - later on navarre- and the relationship between social evolution and rural settlement. The regional theses about catalonia and the latium for example are taken as historiographic reference. The narrative and especially diplomatic written sources constitute the m basis for this work, although archaelogical, toponymic, and even onomastic data are also important. The dissertation includes four parts : 1) it goes back in time until the late empire, so that a close look at the rural settlement along fifth-eight centuries can be taken, and the society whose evolution towards feudalism is to be studied can be characterised. Contrary to the ideas generally taken for granted, we see a vasconia which shares the essential features late roman western europe. 2) the navarrese society of the ninth, tenth and beginning of eleventh centuries is analysed from five points of view : agricultural growth and settlement, monarchy and aristocracy, structures of public government problems of the great property, and vigour of the peasant little allodial property and freedom. 3) the crisis that shake social organisation inherited from the early middle ages during the central decades of the eleventh century is looked at fall of the traditional power structure and beginning of the feudal organization of aristocracy, installation of the sei banale and shaping of the group of milites. It is a deep upheaval which nevertheless developed under the apparent continuity of the ancient public sovereignty. 4) finally an image of the navarrese feudal society until mid twelfth cent is given. This part focuses on the evolution of the peasant state, and especially on the differences between the seigneu structure of the ancient navarre and that of the southern territory -conquered from the muslims and colonized from mid eleventh century on-, and also on the consequences of those differences as far as settlement patterns are concerned. The breaking-up of the lordship authority in ancient navarre brings about the fossilization of the net of little settlements