Education et destin d'un peuple : le Zai͏̈re à la redécouverte de son identité

A people'destiny and its education (zaire discovering back its identity)

• Auteur / Autrice : Assindie Mungala Sanzong
• Direction : Louis Marmoz
• Type : Thèse de doctorat
• Discipline(s) : Sciences de l'éducation
• Date : Soutenance en 1994
• Etablissement(s) : Caen
• Jury : Examinateurs / Examinatrices : Louis Marmoz

Mots clés

Mots clés contrôlés

Congo (République démocratique)

Anthropologie de l'éducation

Résumé

Depuis son avenement au congo, l'ecole a subi plusieurs reformes sans pourtant integrer totalement a culture locale. Produit de la civilisation occidentale elle a contrubue a la formation des elites coloniales (evoluees) et postcoloniale dans son evolution, elle s'est placee du cote du pouvoir et de la classe dominante. Notre problematique s'inscrit dans le cadre de la relation ecole et societe zairoise. Cette etude repose sur l'idee selon laquelle le destin du zaire est lie a la nature et a la qualite de son systeme d'education. Notre systeme scolaire, a observer ses effets, est inadequat selectif et elitiste au moment ou il est appele a forger la conscience nationale. Ces constats nous ont conduit, forcement a percevoir les defis majeurs auxquels le zaire est desormais confronte: premierement, la fonction ideologique de l7ecole et son role dans la differenciation des eleves et les inquietudes d'une ecole, plus preoccupee de selectionner que de developper harmonieusement la jeunesse. Deuxiement, l'evolution tute recente de l'enseignement zairois a subi une tres forte influence politique erodant sa finalite educative. Nous restons convaincus que l'ecole reste l'un des moyens les plus appropries dont nous disposons pour former notre jeunesse a une nouvelle identite fondee sur les valeurs de la democratie

Since its advent in former congo, the school system has undergone several reforms without totally integrating local culture. Being a creation of western civilisation, it has contributed to the education and advancement of colonial and postcolonial elites. Throughout its evolution, it has always been the instrument of the polity and the ruling class. Our problematics, which is necessarily complex, deals with the relationship between school and society in zaire. This work tackles the idea that zaire's destiny is linked to the nature and quality of its educational system. Since it is an instrument of endocrinement its mould youth and reproduces the various social stata. It is noticeable that that zaire's school is inadequate, selective and elitist. At the very moment when it has to mould the nation's conscience. Hence the country will have to face up to major challenges : first, the ideological function of school whose present concern is selection rather than a harmonious development of the nation's youth. Therefore it stands for reason that those who have capitalized on education want to perpetuate the system by maintening the social divisions. Secondly, the latest changes in zaire's school system, through political influences, have jeopardized its education goals.